# Expressions, Functions, Operators ## Statements | Component | Supported | Notes and limitations | | ----------------- | --------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Common statements | ✅ | See the [supported statements doc](https://docs.dolthub.com/sql-reference/sql-support/supported-statements) | ## Clauses | Component | Supported | Notes and limitations | | ------------------- | --------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | | `WHERE` | ✅ | | | `HAVING` | ✅ | | | `LIMIT` | ✅ | | | `OFFSET` | ✅ | | | `GROUP BY` | ✅ | Group-by columns can be referred to by their ordinal (e.g. `1`, `2`), a MySQL dialect extension. | | `ORDER BY` | ✅ | Order-by columns can be referred to by their ordinal (e.g. `1`, `2`), a MySQL dialect extension. | | Aggregate functions | ✅ | | | `DISTINCT` | ✅ | | | `ALL` | ✅ | | ## Table expressions | Component | Supported | Notes and limitations | | ---------------------- | --------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Tables and views | ✅ | | | Table and view aliases | ✅ | | | Joins | ✅ | `LEFT OUTER`, `RIGHT OUTER`, `INNER`, `NATURAL`, `CROSS JOIN`, and `FULL OUTER` joins are supported. | | Subqueries | ✅ | | | `UNION` | ✅ | | ## Scalar expressions | Component | Supported | Notes and limitations | | ------------------------- | --------- | --------------------- | | Common operators | ✅ | | | `IF` | ✅ | | | `CASE` | ✅ | | | `NULLIF` | ✅ | | | `COALESCE` | ✅ | | | `IFNULL` | ✅ | | | `AND` | ✅ | | | `OR` | ✅ | | | `LIKE` | ✅ | | | `IN` | ✅ | | | `INTERVAL` | ✅ | | | Scalar subqueries | ✅ | | | Column ordinal references | ✅ | | ## Functions and operators **Currently supporting 328 of 431 MySQL functions.** Most functions are simple to implement. If you need one that isn't implemented, [please file an issue](https://github.com/dolthub/dolt/issues). We can fulfill most requests for new functions within 24 hours. | Component | Supported | Notes and limitations | | --------------------------------- | --------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `%` | ✅ | | | `&` | ✅ | | | \` | ✅ | | | `*` | ✅ | | | `+` | ✅ | | | `->>` | ✅ | | | `->` | ✅ | | | `-` | ✅ | | | `/` | ✅ | | | `:=` | ✅ | Works as a synonym for `=`, but does not allow assignment in SELECT expressions ([GitHub Issue](https://github.com/dolthub/dolt/issues/4489)) | | `<<` | ✅ | | | `<=>` | ✅ | Null-safe equals operator | | `<=` | ✅ | | | `<>`, `!=` | ✅ | | | `<` | ✅ | | | `=` | ✅ | | | `>=` | ✅ | | | `>>` | ✅ | | | `>` | ✅ | | | `^` | ✅ | | | `ABS()` | ✅ | | | `ACOS()` | ✅ | | | `ADDDATE()` | ✅ | | | `ADDTIME()` | ❌ | | | `AES_DECRYPT()` | ❌ | | | `AES_ENCRYPT()` | ❌ | | | `AND` | ✅ | | | `ANY_VALUE()` | ✅ | | | `ARRAY_LENGTH()` | ✅ | | | `ASCII()` | ✅ | | | `ASIN()` | ✅ | | | `ASYMMETRIC_DECRYPT()` | ❌ | | | `ASYMMETRIC_DERIVE()` | ❌ | | | `ASYMMETRIC_ENCRYPT()` | ❌ | | | `ASYMMETRIC_SIGN()` | ❌ | | | `ASYMMETRIC_VERIFY()` | ❌ | | | `ATAN()` | ✅ | | | `ATAN2()` | ✅ | | | `AVG()` | ✅ | | | `BENCHMARK()` | ❌ | | | `BETWEEN ... AND ...` | ✅ | | | `BIN()` | ✅ | | | `BIN_TO_UUID()` | ✅ | | | `BIT_AND()` | ✅ | | | `BIT_COUNT()` | ✅ | | | `BIT_LENGTH()` | ✅ | | | `BIT_OR()` | ✅ | `\` is supported | | `BIT_XOR()` | ✅ | `^` is supported | | `CASE` | ✅ | | | `CAST()` | ✅ | Convert between types supported. Convert between charsets is not. | | `CEIL()` | ✅ | | | `CEILING()` | ✅ | | | `CHAR()` | ✅ | | | `CHARACTER_LENGTH()` | ✅ | | | `CHARSET()` | ✅ | | | `CHAR_LENGTH()` | ✅ | | | `COALESCE()` | ✅ | | | `COERCIBILITY()` | ✅ | | | `COLLATION()` | ✅ | | | `COMPRESS()` | ✅ | Golang's zlib library is slightly different than MySQL's, so compressed data may not match | | `CONCAT()` | ✅ | | | `CONCAT_WS()` | ✅ | | | `CONNECTION_ID()` | ✅ | | | `CONV()` | ✅ | | | `CONVERT()` | ✅ | Converting between types is supported. Converting between charsets is not. | | `CONVERT_TZ()` | ✅ | | | `COS()` | ✅ | | | `COT()` | ✅ | | | `COUNT()` | ✅ | | | `COUNT(DISTINCT)` | ✅ | | | `CRC32()` | ✅ | | | `CREATE_ASYMMETRIC_PRIV_KEY()` | ❌ | | | `CREATE_ASYMMETRIC_PUB_KEY()` | ❌ | | | `CREATE_DH_PARAMETERS()` | ❌ | | | `CREATE_DIGEST()` | ❌ | | | `CUME_DIST()` | ❌ | | | `CURDATE()` | ✅ | | | `CURRENT_DATE()` | ✅ | | | `CURRENT_ROLE()` | ❌ | | | `CURRENT_TIME()` | ✅ | | | `CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()` | ✅ | | | `CURRENT_USER()` | ✅ | | | `CURTIME()` | ✅ | | | `DATABASE()` | ✅ | | | `DATE()` | ✅ | | | `DATEDIFF()` | ✅ | | | `DATETIME()` | ✅ | | | `DATE_ADD()` | ✅ | | | `DATE_FORMAT()` | ✅ | | | `DATE_SUB()` | ✅ | | | `DAY()` | ✅ | | | `DAYNAME()` | ✅ | | | `DAYOFMONTH()` | ✅ | | | `DAYOFWEEK()` | ✅ | | | `DAYOFYEAR()` | ✅ | | | `DEFAULT()` | ❌ | | | `DEGREES()` | ✅ | | | `DENSE_RANK()` | ✅ | | | `DIV` | ✅ | | | `ELT()` | ✅ | | | `EXP()` | ✅ | | | `EXPLODE()` | ✅ | | | `EXPORT_SET()` | ❌ | | | `EXTRACT()` | ✅ | | | `EXTRACTVALUE()` | ❌ | | | `FIELD()` | ✅ | | | `FIND_IN_SET()` | ✅ | | | `FIRST()` | ✅ | | | `FIRST_VALUE()` | ✅ | | | `FLOOR()` | ✅ | | | `FORMAT()` | ✅ | | | `FORMAT_BYTES()` | ❌ | | | `FORMAT_PICO_TIME()` | ❌ | | | `FOUND_ROWS()` | ✅ | | | `FROM_BASE64()` | ✅ | | | `FROM_DAYS()` | ✅ | | | `FROM_UNIXTIME()` | ✅ | | | `GET_FORMAT()` | ✅ | | | `GET_LOCK()` | ✅ | | | `GREATEST()` | ✅ | | | `GROUPING()` | ❌ | | | `GROUP_CONCAT()` | ✅ | | | `GTID_SUBSET()` | ❌ | | | `GTID_SUBTRACT()` | ✅ | | | `GEOMCOLLECTION()` | ✅ | | | `GEOMETRYCOLLECTION()` | ✅ | | | `HASHOF()` | ✅ | Returns the hash of a reference, e.g. `HASHOF("master")`) | | `HEX()` | ✅ | | | `HOUR()` | ✅ | | | `ICU_VERSION()` | ✅ | | | `IF()` | ✅ | | | `IFNULL()` | ✅ | | | `IN()` | ✅ | | | `INET6_ATON()` | ✅ | | | `INET6_NTOA()` | ✅ | | | `INET_ATON()` | ✅ | | | `INET_NTOA()` | ✅ | | | `INSERT()` | ❌ | | | `INSTR()` | ✅ | | | `INTERVAL()` | ✅ | | | `IS NOT NULL` | ✅ | | | `IS NOT` | ✅ | | | `IS NULL` | ✅ | | | `ISNULL()` | ✅ | | | `IS_BINARY()` | ✅ | | | `IS_FREE_LOCK()` | ✅ | | | `IS_IPV4()` | ✅ | | | `IS_IPV4_COMPAT()` | ✅ | | | `IS_IPV4_MAPPED()` | ✅ | | | `IS_IPV6()` | ✅ | | | `IS_USED_LOCK()` | ✅ | | | `IS_UUID()` | ✅ | | | `IS` | ✅ | | | `JSON_ARRAY()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_ARRAYAGG()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_ARRAY_APPEND()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_ARRAY_INSERT()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_CONTAINS()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_CONTAINS_PATH()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_DEPTH()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_EXTRACT()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_INSERT()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_KEYS()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_LENGTH()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_MERGE()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_MERGE_PATCH()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_MERGE_PRESERVE()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_OBJECT()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_OBJECTAGG()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_OVERLAPS()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_PRETTY()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_QUOTE()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_REMOVE()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_REPLACE()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_SCHEMA_VALID()` | ❌ | | | `JSON_SCHEMA_VALIDATION_REPORT()` | ❌ | | | `JSON_SEARCH()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_SET()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_STORAGE_FREE()` | ❌ | | | `JSON_STORAGE_SIZE()` | ❌ | | | `JSON_TABLE()` | ✅ | `FOR ORDINALITY` and `NESTED` are not supported yet. | | `JSON_TYPE()` | ✅ | Inconsistencies when using MySQL Native Types | | `JSON_UNQUOTE()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_VALID()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_VALUE()` | ✅ | | | `LAG()` | ✅ | | | `LAST()` | ✅ | | | `LAST_DAY` | ✅ | | | `LAST_INSERT_ID()` | ✅ | | | `LAST_VALUE()` | ✅ | | | `LCASE()` | ✅ | | | `LEAD()` | ✅ | | | `LEAST()` | ✅ | | | `LEFT()` | ✅ | | | `LENGTH()` | ✅ | | | `LIKE` | ✅ | | | `LN()` | ✅ | | | `LOAD_FILE()` | ✅ | | | `LOCALTIME()` | ✅ | | | `LOCALTIMESTAMP()` | ✅ | | | `LOCATE()` | ✅ | | | `LOG()` | ✅ | | | `LOG10()` | ✅ | | | `LOG2()` | ✅ | | | `LOWER()` | ✅ | | | `LPAD()` | ✅ | | | `LTRIM()` | ✅ | | | `LineString()` | ✅ | | | `MAKEDATE()` | ❌ | | | `MAKETIME()` | ❌ | | | `MAKE_SET()` | ❌ | | | `MASTER_POS_WAIT()` | ❌ | | | `MATCH` | ❌ | | | `MAX()` | ✅ | | | `MBRContains()` | ❌ | | | `MBRCoveredBy()` | ❌ | | | `MBRCovers()` | ❌ | | | `MBRDisjoint()` | ❌ | | | `MBREquals()` | ❌ | | | `MBRIntersects()` | ❌ | | | `MBROverlaps()` | ❌ | | | `MBRTouches()` | ❌ | | | `MBRWithin()` | ❌ | | | `MD5()` | ✅ | | | `MEMBER OF()` | ❌ | | | `MICROSECOND()` | ✅ | | | `MID()` | ✅ | | | `MIN()` | ✅ | | | `MINUTE()` | ✅ | | | `MOD()` | ✅ | | | `MONTH()` | ✅ | | | `MONTHNAME()` | ✅ | | | `MultiLineString()` | ✅ | | | `MultiPoint()` | ✅ | | | `MultiPolygon()` | ✅ | | | `NAME_CONST()` | ✅ | | | `NOT`, `!` | ✅ | | | `NOT BETWEEN ... AND ...` | ✅ | | | `NOT IN()` | ✅ | | | `NOT LIKE` | ✅ | | | `NOT MATCH` | ❌ | | | `NOT REGEXP` | ✅ | | | `NOT RLIKE` | ❌ | `NOT REGEXP` is supported | | `NOT`, `!` | ✅ | | | `NOW()` | ✅ | | | `NTH_VALUE()` | ❌ | | | `NTILE()` | ✅ | | | `NULLIF()` | ✅ | | | `OCT()` | ✅ | | | `OCTET_LENGTH()` | ✅ | | | `ORD()` | ✅ | | | `OR` | ✅ | | | `PERCENT_RANK()` | ✅ | | | `PERIOD_ADD()` | ❌ | | | `PERIOD_DIFF()` | ❌ | | | `PI()` | ✅ | | | `POSITION()` | ✅ | | | `POW()` | ✅ | | | `POWER()` | ✅ | | | `PS_CURRENT_THREAD_ID()` | ❌ | | | `PS_THREAD_ID()` | ❌ | | | `POINT()` | ✅ | | | `POLYGON()` | ✅ | | | `QUARTER()` | ✅ | | | `QUOTE()` | ❌ | | | `RADIANS()` | ✅ | | | `RAND()` | ✅ | | | `RANDOM_BYTES()` | ✅ | | | `RANK()` | ✅ | | | `REGEXP_INSTR()` | ❌ | | | `REGEXP_LIKE()` | ✅ | | | `REGEXP_MATCHES()` | ❌ | | | `REGEXP_REPLACE()` | ✅ | | | `REGEXP_SUBSTR()` | ✅ | | | `REGEXP` | ✅ | | | `RELEASE_ALL_LOCKS()` | ✅ | | | `RELEASE_LOCK()` | ✅ | | | `REPEAT()` | ✅ | | | `REPLACE()` | ✅ | | | `REVERSE()` | ✅ | | | `RIGHT()` | ✅ | | | `RLIKE` | ❌ | `REGEXP` is supported | | `ROLES_GRAPHML()` | ❌ | | | `ROUND()` | ✅ | | | `ROW_COUNT()` | ✅ | | | `ROW_NUMBER()` | ✅ | | | `RPAD()` | ✅ | | | `RTRIM()` | ✅ | | | `SCHEMA()` | ✅ | | | `SECOND()` | ✅ | | | `SEC_TO_TIME()` | ❌ | | | `SESSION_USER()` | ❌ | | | `SHA()` | ✅ | | | `SHA1()` | ✅ | | | `SHA2()` | ✅ | | | `SIGN()` | ✅ | | | `SIN()` | ✅ | | | `SLEEP()` | ✅ | | | `SOUNDEX()` | ✅ | | | `SPACE()` | ✅ | | | `SPLIT()` | ✅ | | | `SQRT()` | ✅ | | | `STATEMENT_DIGEST()` | ❌ | | | `STATEMENT_DIGEST_TEXT()` | ❌ | | | `STD()` | ✅ | | | `STDDEV()` | ✅ | | | `STDDEV_POP()` | ✅ | | | `STDDEV_SAMP()` | ✅ | | | `STRCMP()` | ✅ | | | `STR_TO_DATE()` | ✅ | | | `ST_AREA()` | ✅ | Geodetic not yet supported | | `ST_ASBINARY()` | ✅ | | | `ST_ASGEOJSON()` | ✅ | | | `ST_ASTEXT()` | ✅ | | | `ST_ASWKB()` | ✅ | | | `ST_ASWKT()` | ✅ | | | `ST_BUFFER()` | ❌ | | | `ST_BUFFER_STRATEGY()` | ❌ | | | `ST_CENTROID()` | ❌ | | | `ST_CONTAINS()` | ❌ | | | `ST_CONVEXHULL()` | ❌ | | | `ST_CROSSES()` | ❌ | | | `ST_DIFFERENCE()` | ❌ | | | `ST_DIMENSION()` | ✅ | | | `ST_DISJOINT()` | ❌ | | | `ST_DISTANCE()` | ✅ | Geodetic not yet supported | | `ST_DISTANCE_SPHERE()` | ❌ | | | `ST_ENDPOINT()` | ✅ | | | `ST_ENVELOPE()` | ❌ | | | `ST_EQUALS()` | ✅ | Only supported for `POINT`s | | `ST_EXTERIORRING()` | ❌ | | | `ST_GEOHASH()` | ❌ | | | `ST_GEOMCOLLFROMTEXT()` | ✅ | | | `ST_GEOMCOLLFROMWKB()` | ✅ | | | `ST_GEOMFROMGEOJSON()` | ✅ | | | `ST_GEOMFROMTEXT()` | ✅ | | | `ST_GEOMFROMWKB()` | ✅ | | | `ST_GEOMETRYN()` | ❌ | | | `ST_GEOMETRYTYPE()` | ❌ | | | `ST_INTERIORRINGN()` | ❌ | | | `ST_INTERSECTION()` | ❌ | | | `ST_INTERSECTS()` | ✅ | | | `ST_ISCLOSED()` | ✅ | | | `ST_ISEMPTY()` | ❌ | | | `ST_ISSIMPLE()` | ❌ | | | `ST_ISVALID()` | ❌ | | | `ST_LATFROMGEOHASH()` | ❌ | | | `ST_LATITUDE()` | ✅ | | | `ST_LENGTH()` | ✅ | Geodetic not yet supported | | `ST_LINEFROMTEXT()` | ✅ | | | `ST_LINEFROMWKB()` | ✅ | | | `ST_LONGFROMGEOHASH()` | ❌ | | | `ST_LONGITUDE()` | ✅ | | | `ST_MLINEFROMTEXT()` | ✅ | | | `ST_MLINEFROMWKB()` | ✅ | | | `ST_MPOINTFROMTEXT()` | ✅ | | | `ST_MPOINTFROMWKB()` | ✅ | | | `ST_MPOLYFROMTEXT()` | ✅ | | | `ST_MPOLYFROMWKB()` | ✅ | | | `ST_MAKEENVELOPE()` | ❌ | | | `ST_NUMGEOMETRIES()` | ❌ | | | `ST_NUMINTERIORRING()` | ❌ | | | `ST_NUMPOINTS()` | ❌ | | | `ST_OVERLAPS()` | ❌ | | | `ST_PERIMETER()` | ✅ | Geodetic not yet supported. Not supported in MySQL. Follows PostGIS: | | `ST_POINTFROMGEOHASH()` | ❌ | | | `ST_POINTFROMTEXT()` | ✅ | | | `ST_POINTFROMWKB()` | ✅ | | | `ST_POINTN()` | ❌ | | | `ST_POLYFROMTEXT()` | ✅ | | | `ST_POLYFROMWKB()` | ✅ | | | `ST_SRID()` | ✅ | | | `ST_SIMPLIFY()` | ❌ | | | `ST_STARTPOINT()` | ✅ | | | `ST_SWAPXY()` | ✅ | | | `ST_SYMDIFFERENCE()` | ❌ | | | `ST_TOUCHES()` | ❌ | | | `ST_TRANSFORM()` | ❌ | | | `ST_UNION()` | ❌ | | | `ST_VALIDATE()` | ❌ | | | `ST_WITHIN()` | ✅ | Only supported for Point vs Geometry comparisons | | `ST_X()` | ✅ | | | `ST_Y()` | ✅ | | | `SUBDATE()` | ✅ | | | `SUBSTR()` | ✅ | | | `SUBSTRING()` | ✅ | | | `SUBSTRING_INDEX()` | ✅ | | | `SUBTIME()` | ❌ | | | `SUM()` | ✅ | | | `SYSDATE()` | ✅ | | | `SYSTEM_USER()` | ❌ | | | `TAN()` | ✅ | | | `TIME()` | ✅ | | | `TIMEDIFF()` | ✅ | | | `TIMESTAMP()` | ✅ | | | `TIMESTAMPADD()` | ✅ | | | `TIMESTAMPDIFF()` | ✅ | | | `TIME_FORMAT()` | ✅ | | | `TIME_TO_SEC()` | ✅ | | | `TO_BASE64()` | ✅ | | | `TO_DAYS()` | ✅ | | | `TO_SECONDS()` | ❌ | | | `TRIM()` | ✅ | | | `TRUNCATE()` | ✅ | | | `UCASE()` | ✅ | | | `UNCOMPRESS()` | ✅ | | | `UNCOMPRESSED_LENGTH()` | ✅ | | | `UNHEX()` | ✅ | | | `UNIX_TIMESTAMP()` | ✅ | | | `UPPER()` | ✅ | | | `USER()` | ✅ | | | `UTC_DATE()` | ❌ | | | `UTC_TIME()` | ❌ | | | `UTC_TIMESTAMP()` | ✅ | | | `UUID()` | ✅ | | | `UUID_SHORT()` | ✅ | Returns a 64-bit unsigned integer UUID using server\_id, startup time, and counter | | `UUID_TO_BIN()` | ✅ | | | `UPDATEXML()` | ❌ | | | `VALIDATE_PASSWORD_STRENGTH()` | ✅ | | | `VALUES()` | ✅ | | | `VARIANCE()` | ✅ | | | `VAR_POP()` | ✅ | | | `VAR_SAMP()` | ✅ | | | `VERSION()` | ✅ | | | `WAIT_FOR_EXECUTED_GTID_SET()` | ❌ | | | `WEEK()` | ✅ | | | `WEEKDAY()` | ✅ | | | `WEEKOFYEAR()` | ✅ | | | `WEIGHT_STRING()` | ❌ | | | `YEAR()` | ✅ | | | `YEARWEEK()` | ✅ | | ## Aggregate Functions Refer to the [MySQL Aggregate Function Documentation](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/aggregate-functions.html) for more info. | Component | Supported | Notes and limitations | | ------------------- | --------- | --------------------- | | `AVG()` | ✅ | | | `BIT_AND()` | ✅ | | | `BIT_OR()` | ✅ | | | `BIT_XOR()` | ✅ | | | `COUNT()` | ✅ | | | `COUNT(DISTINCT)` | ✅ | | | `GROUP_CONCAT()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_OBJECT_AGG()` | ✅ | | | `JSON_ARRAY_AGG()` | ✅ | | | `MAX()` | ✅ | | | `MIN()` | ✅ | | | `STD()` | ✅ | | | `STDDEV()` | ✅ | | | `STDDEV_POP()` | ✅ | | | `STDDEV_SAMP()` | ✅ | | | `SUM()` | ✅ | | | `VAR_POP()` | ✅ | | | `VAR_SAMP()` | ✅ | | | `VARIANCE()` | ✅ | | ## Window Functions Refer to the [MySQL Window Function Descriptions](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/window-function-descriptions.html) for more info. | Component | Supported | Notes and limitations | | ---------------- | --------- | --------------------- | | `CUME_DIST()` | ❌ | | | `DENSE_RANK()` | ✅ | | | `FIRST()` | ✅ | | | `FIRST_VALUE` | ✅ | | | `LAG` | ✅ | | | `LAST_VALUE()` | ✅ | | | `LAST()` | ✅ | | | `LEAD()` | ✅ | | | `NTH_VALUE()` | ❌ | | | `NTILE()` | ✅ | | | `PERCENT_RANK()` | ✅ | | | `RANK()` | ✅ | | | `ROW_NUMBER()` | ✅ | | --- # Agent Instructions: Querying This Documentation If you need additional information that is not directly available in this page, you can query the documentation dynamically by asking a question. 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